Bilişim Teknolojilerinden Beklenen Faydalar Yenilik ve Genel Performans Arasındaki İlişki
Öz
Son 20–30 yıldan buyana bilişim teknolojileri ve firma performansı arasındaki ilişkinin anlaşılması akademisyenlerin ve yöneticilerin önemle ilgilendikleri bir konudur. Bu ilgi bilişim teknolojilerinin stratejik değeri ve firma performansına etkisine ilişkin çok sayıda çalışmanın yapılmasını sağlasa da bilişim teknolojileri ve firma performansı arasındaki ilişkiye ait karışık kanıtlar sunan geniş bir literatürün oluşmasına yol açmıştır.
Bu çalışmanın amacı öncekilerden farklı olarak bilişim teknolojilerinden beklenen faydalar ile yenilik ve firma performansı arasındaki ilişkiyi gelişmekte olan bir ülkede, Türkiye’de araştırmaktır. Araştırma modeli Türkiye’nin en büyük kuruluşlarının oluşturduğu İSO 1000’de yer alan 123 firmadan elde edilen veriler kullanılarak test edilmiştir. Çalışmadaki tüm yapıların geçerliliğinin değerlendirilmesinde keşifsel ve doğrulayıcı faktör analizinden yararlanılmıştır. Analiz sonuçları bilişim teknolojilerinden beklenen faydaların, bilgi, yönetsel ve örgütsel fayda olarak isimlendirilen üçlü bir yapıya sahip olduğunu göstermiştir. Hipotezler yapısal eşitlik analizi kullanılarak değerlendirilmiştir. Yapısal eşitlik modellemesi sonuçları, bilişim teknolojilerinin faydalarının yenilik performansına doğrudan pozitif etkisi olduğunu göstermiştir. Bununla birlikte bilişim teknolojilerinin sunduğu faydaların firma genel performansına doğrudan etkisi söz konusu değildir. Ancak bilişim teknolojilerinin sağladığı faydaların yenilik performansının aracılık rolü vasıtasıyla firma performansı üzerinde dolaylı etkisinin bulunduğu tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca çalışmada yenilik performansının firma genel performansına doğrudan etkisinin bulunduğu da doğrulanmıştır.
Anahtar Kelimeler
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