Sosyal Baltalama ve Çalışan Performansı İlişkisinde İş Stresi ve Duygusal Tükenmişliğin Rolü

İlksun Didem ÜLBEĞİ, Esengül İPLİK, Azmi YALÇIN

Öz


İşyerinde çalışanların yönetici ve iş arkadaşlarıyla kurduğu uyumlu ve destekleyici ilişkiler işi daha kolay ve keyifli yapmalarını sağlarken, gerilimli ilişkiler ise çalışanın psikolojik sağlığını olumsuz etkilemekte ve performanslarının düşmesine neden olmaktadır. Bu bağlamda yapılan bu çalışma kapsamında işyerinde karşılaşılan olumsuz davranışlardan biri olan yönetici kaynaklı baltalama davranışı ile çalışan performansı arasındaki ilişkiler incelenmiş, ayrıca iş stresi ve duygusal tükenmişliğin bu ilişkideki aracılık rolü ile birlikte seri aracılık rolü araştırılmıştır. Bu amaçla, araştırmada kullanılan veri Adana ilindeki özel ve kamu hastanelerinde görev yapan 367 hemşireden toplanmıştır. Araştırma kapsamında ilk olarak yapısal geçerliği ortaya koymak amacıyla doğrulayıcı faktör analizi yapılmış olup elde edilen değerler sonucunda (χ/sd = 1,77; p < ,01; CFI = ,96; TLI = ,96; RMSEA = ,05; SRMR = ,03) modelin iyi uyum sağladığı ortaya konulmuştur. Ayrıca çalışmada kullanılan ölçeklerin güvenirliğine ilişkin olarak Cronbach Alfa iç tutarlık katsayısı dikkate alınmış ve sosyal baltalama, iş stresi, duygusal tükenme ve performans ölçeklerinin sırasıyla ,96; ,92; ,94 ve ,92 değerleriyle güvenilir olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Değişkenler arasındaki ilişkiler korelasyon analizi ile ortaya konulmuş olup elde edilen bulgular istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulunmuştur. Modelin test edilmesinde yapısal eşitlik modeli ve seri çoklu aracılık analizi bootstrap yöntemi dikkate alınarak kullanılmıştır. Araştırma bulguları yönetici kaynaklı baltalama davranışının çalışan performansı ile negatif, iş stresi ve duygusal tükenmişlik ile ise pozitif ilişkili olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Ayrıca bulgulara göre iş stresinin ve duygusal tükenmenin performans üzerinde negatif yönlü etkileri tespit edilmiştir. Bunların yanı sıra iş stresi ve duygusal tükenmenin pozitif yönlü ilişkileri olduğu görülmüştür. Ayrıca sosyal baltalama davranışının çalışan performansı üzerindeki etkisinde iş stresinin aracılık etkisi ortaya konulmuştur. Benzer şekilde sosyal baltalama davranışının çalışan performansına etkisinde duygusal tükenmenin aracılık etkisi tespit edilmiştir. Bunlara ek olarak sosyal baltalamanın çalışan performansı üzerindeki etkisinde iş stresi ve duygusal tükenmişliğin birlikte seri aracılık etkisi olduğu da belirlenmiştir.  Elde edilen bu bulgular kuramsal bağlamda tartışılmaktadır.


Anahtar Kelimeler


Sosyal baltalama, iş stresi, duygusal tükenmişlik, çalışan performansı

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